Gear Ratio Calculator

Calculate gear ratio, output speed and output torque for gearboxes, sprockets and pulleys.

gear ratio speed torque gearbox sprocket pulley reduction motor

Input values

Enter values and click Calculate to see results here.

Formula

Ratio = N_driven / N_driving Output RPM = Input RPM / Ratio Output Torque = Input Torque × Ratio × η

Worked Example

Given: A motor at 1450 RPM drives a gearbox with ratio 10:1. Efficiency is 95%. Input torque is 5 Nm.

Step 1: Output RPM = 1450 / 10 = 145 RPM

Step 2: Output Torque = 5 × 10 × 0.95 = 47.5 Nm

Check: Power = 5 × 1450 × 2π/60 = 759 W. Output: 47.5 × 145 × 2π/60 = 721 W. Loss = 38 W (5%).

Engineering Notes

  • Efficiency: Single-stage gears: 95-98%. Multi-stage: 90-95%. Worm gears: 50-85%. Always account for losses.
  • Torque rating: The gearbox output torque rating must exceed the calculated output torque. Apply a service factor of 1.25-1.5 for shock loads.
  • Motor sizing: Power (kW) = Torque (Nm) × RPM / 9549. This remains constant through the gearbox (minus losses).
  • Backlash: Precision applications need low-backlash gearboxes (< 1 arcmin). Standard gearboxes have 5-15 arcmin backlash.

References

  • AGMA 2001 — Fundamental Rating Factors